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Twister (game)
''Twister'' is a game of physical skill produced by Milton Bradley Company and Winning Moves. It is played on a large plastic mat that is spread on the floor or ground. The mat has four rows of large colored circles on it with a different color in each row: red, yellow, blue and green. A spinner is attached to a square board and is used to determine where the player has to put their hand or foot. The spinner is divided into four labeled sections: right foot left foot, right hand and left hand. Each of those four sections is divided into the four colors (red, yellow, blue and green). After spinning, the combination is called (for example: "right hand yellow") and players must move their matching hand or foot to a circle of the correct color. In a two-player game, no two people can have a hand or foot on the same circle; the rules are different for more players. Due to the scarcity of colored circles, players will often be required to put themselves in unlikely or precarious positions, eventually causing someone to fall. A person is eliminated when they fall or when their elbow or knee touches the mat. There is no limit to how many can play at once, but more than four is a tight fit.
==History and analysis==
''Twister'' was submitted for patent by Charles F. Foley and Neil Rabens in 1966, and became a success when Eva Gabor played it with Johnny Carson on television's ''The Tonight Show'' on May 3, 1966.〔"(Who Invented Twister? )", The Twister Homepage.〕〔(Twister History ), Hasbro.com.〕 However, in its success, ''Twister'' was also controversial. The company that produced the game, Milton Bradley, was accused by its competitors of selling "sex in a box".〔Polizzi, Rick, and Fred Schaefer. ''Spin Again, Board Games From the Fifties and Sixties.'' San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1991. 116-117.〕 That accusation was probably because ''Twister'' was the first popular American game to use human bodies as playing pieces.〔Asakawa, Gil and Rucker, Leland. ''The Toy Book.'' New York City: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992. 178-179.〕
Although ''Twister'' was patented by Foley and Rabens, a number of sources also mention Reyn Guyer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Twister: The game that ties you up in knots )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Inventor of Twister still amazed by game's success )〕 Guyer is credited as having conceived ''Twister'' in its earliest form while working on a Johnson's Shoe Polish promotion as vice-president of his father's design company, the Reynolds Guyer Agency of Design. Guyer originally called this new game idea "Pretzel", but Milton Bradley changed the name to "Twister" before they put it on the market, much to Guyer's dismay.〔Hoffman, David. ''Kid stuff, great toys from our childhood.'' San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1996.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/feb/24/how-we-made-twister )〕
Co-inventor Charles Foley was a salesman for a printing company calling on the Guyer Company's purchasing agent when he saw a model of ''Kings' Footsie'' on display in the office. Foley went to Reyn claiming he had some experience and connections in the toy business. Guyer and his father discussed the possibility of starting a small division of the company to explore the ‘people are the players' concept. His father agreed to take out a sizable bank loan to underwrite the idea. Guyer hired Foley and Rabens and the three men worked together to develop eight new game ideas for presentation. The game ideas ranged from small kids' games to word games for adults. When the three men were working with colored circles on the floor, Foley suggested they place them in rows by color, and Rabens suggested they use their hands and feet. A game they called "Pretzel" took shape.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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